Most of my
knowledge of medical Spanish did not come from books. I could speak and understand conversationally
by the time I reached my residency years. It was there that I picked up a more
sophisticated medical Spanish through real patient interactions.
One of the
major complaints I have heard from medical students, residents and attending
physicians alike is that there is no language learning material available in
Spanish for doctors that gives them the sense of how a patient would respond in
any given medical encounter. So many of
the books available today are written for the person who doesn’t know any
Spanish and has to start with the very basics of “hello”and “goodbye”. And these books are usually organized by
chapters of phrases that a doctor might say to a patient during an exam. But there is no material out there to my
knowledge that gives a true sense of a patient-doctor interaction—how he or she
might answer you when you ask:
“¿Por qué Ud.
está aquí en la clínica hoy?”
Or
“¿Cuándo
empezó el dolor en el ojo derecho?
I have been
working on an informational guide for ophthalmologists and optometrists based
on my experiences with patients over the years that seeks to provide real
dialogue between patient and doctor.
Below is a small excerpt from my guide, which has been written with the
uveitis patient in mind. The
conversation is initially written in Spanish and is then followed by the
English translation. Obviously to make
good use of this information, a person needs to have a good foundation in the
Spanish language.
I encourage
you to add your comments at the end of this blog entry. Please let me know what
you think—if you feel this information would be helpful to you in the clinical setting and/or how I can improve upon
it. ¡Sí, se puede!
Uveitís--Uveitis
The patient
with uveitis complains of a red (rojo), painful (doloroso), usually
light-sensitive eye (sensible a la luz) and the vision may be decreased
(disminución de la visión). It is
important to know how long the patient has had symptoms (¿Cuánto tiempo ha
tenido Ud. las síntomas?) and if this is the first episode or not (¿Ha tenido
síntomas similares en el pasado?).
Doctor: ¿Qué le
pasa con Ud.?
Paciente: (ojos cubiertos con las manos) Tengo dolor
muy fuerte en el ojo izquierdo. No puedo soportar la luz. Me duele—es un dolor
constante. Pero cuando la luz brilla en los ojos, el dolor es insoportable.
D: ¿Cuándo
empezaron las síntomas?
P: Ayer,
anoche. Me sentí algo, un dolor leve de vez en cuando. Pero no me podía dormir.
Y esta mañana, el dolor ha aumentado enormemente.
D: Ponga la
barba aquí, vamos a ver…(después de pocos minutos). Bueno, siéntese atrás. Voy
a explicar lo que tiene. Es una condición muy común, se llama “iritis”.
Significa que tiene Ud. inflamación en la frente del ojo, la cámara anterior
del ojo.
P:
¿Inflamación? ¿Estoy contagiosa?
D: No, no
es infección. Inflamación. Por ejemplo, cuando una persona tiene artritis reumática. Hay
inflamación en la articulación—esta condición en el ojo es muy similar. De
hecho, hay muchas causas de iritis, y artritis reumática es una de ellas.
P: Espero
que no tengo artritis reumática. ¿Cómo curamos iritis?
D: Va a
tomar una gota, es un esteroide, cada dos horas durante el día. También, va a
poner una gota de agente midriático dos veces al día a prevenir la formación de
cicatrices a hacer el iris inmovíl.
P: Está
bien. Entonces, ¿cómo sabemos la causa?
D: (escribe
una receta) Voy a mandarle para una muestra de sangre, a buscar diversas
etiologías. Por ejemplo, la enfermedad de Lyme, lupus eritematoso sistémico,
la artritis reumática, a decir los menos. Pero tengo que decirte,
muchas veces, los resultados del laboratorio son normales.
P: ¿Qué?
¿Cómo es posible?
D: Sí, la
mayoría del tiempo, no sabremos la causa. Pero, todavía, podemos tratarlo.
Bueno, empiece los medicamentos y vaya al laboratorio para dar una muestra de
sangre. Voy a hacer una cita con Ud. en una semana.
P: Está
bien. Gracias, Doctor.
D: De
nada.
*
Doctor: What happened to you?
Patient: (eyes covered with his hands) I have a terrible pain in
my left eye. I can’t stand the light. It hurts—it’s a constant pain. But when the light shines on my eyes, the pain is insufferable.
D: When did the symptoms begin?
P: Yesterday, last night.
I felt something, a light pain once in a while. But I couldn’t sleep. And this
morning the pain increased exponentially.
D: Put your chin here, let’s see (after a few minutes). Alright, sit back. I am
going to explain what you have. It is
very common condition, it’s called “iritis”.
It means you have inflammation in the front of the eye, in the anterior
chamber.
P: Inflammation? Am I contagious?
D: No, it’s not an infection. Inflammation.
For example, when a person has rheumatoid arthritis there is
inflammation in the joint—this condition in the eye is very similar. The fact is, there are many causes of iritis
and rheumatoid arthritis is one of them.
P: I hope I do not have rheumatoid arthritis. How do we
treat ‘iritis’?
D: You are going to take a drop, it’s a steroid, every two
hours during the day. Also, you are
going to put a mydriatic eye drop two times a day to prevent the formation of
scars which prevent the iris from moving.
P: Fine. Then how do
we know the cause?
D: (writing a prescription) I am going to send you for a
blood sample, to look for various potential etiologies. For example, Lyme disease, systemic lupus
erythematosis, rheumatoid arthritis, to name a few. But I have to tell you—many times the lab
results are normal.
P: What? How is this possible?
D: Yes, the majority of the time, we will not know the
cause. But we can still treat it. Alright, begin the medications and go to the
lab to give a blood sample. I am going
to make an appointment for you in one week.
P: That’s fine. Thank
you, Doctor.
Gates to Zadar City, Courtesy: D. Hromin |
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